Impact of supercooled droplets onto cold surfaces
Team
Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Cameron Tropea
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Description
The scientific question of this project comes from the problem of aircraft icing, where the prediction of drop impact and solidification is insufficient due to a lack of fundamentals. The overall objective of this sub-project is to create and validate a model of the impact and solidification process which describes the impact of supercooled single drops on cold walls in detail. Special attention is paid to the dynamics of the successively occurring processes of drop impact, the drop spreading and (partially) icing of the drop on the target surface as well as the subsequent spread of the non-iced water mass on the ice until the end of the icing process. The challenge is to predict the observed morphology of icing. These objectives are to be achieved by complementary experimental and numerical investigations.
The scope of the experimental study is divided into two parts: part one is visualizing single drop impacts to provide initial data for physical modeling of the process, part two is the creation of a database consisting of temporal profiles of the spread diameter as well as the time-varying form of icing drop, which can then be used for the validation of the modeling and the numerical simulations. Previous research on drop impact operations is expanded to include supercooled ambient conditions and the oblique impact. Furthermore multiple impacts lead to the formation of (ice) structures that influence the impact itself and the behaviour of successive drops. The influence of the surrounding gas has to be mentioned, as it can cause a shear deformation of the drop prior to the impact. While project TP-C3 will be using water as the investigated medium, the developed methods and principles can be transferred to other material systems and applications e.g. the impact and the solidification of solder or the plasma coating.
The goal of numerical investigation is the development of suitable methods and models to capture both the hydrodynamics of the impact and the thermodynamics (solidification) correctly. The numerical treatment of the (free) liquid surface, which has to be tracked throughout the icing process, the phase interface (liquid ice) and the (free) ice surface is based on a modified volume-of-fluid method. This method allows for a higher resolution of the interface, thanks to a better modeling of the velocity field within the process of convection of the liquid volume fraction. Special attention is given to the definition of the contact angle between the liquid phase and the solid wall as well as the liquid phase and the front of the icing phase (with the time-varying surface shape).
The investigated flow cases include the vertical and oblique impact of an individual drop of different size and temperature. The drop and ambient parameters are selected in a way that both characteristic forms of icing occure: rime ice (instant solidification of the droplet after impact) and glaze ice (gradual, partial freezing of the drop).
Publications
2021
Gloerfeld,M. ; Roisman, I.V.; Hussong, J.; Tropea,C.:
Measurements and modelling of the residual mass upon impact of supercooled liquid drops
Experiments in Fluids 62, 204 (2021)
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-021-03292-7
Gloerfeld,M.; Schremb,M.; Roisman,I.V.; Tropea, C. ; Hussong,J:
Impact of mushy frozen water particles onto a cold surface
Proc. of 15th Triennial International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems – ICLASS 2021, Edinburgh, UK, 29 Aug. - 2 Sept. 2021
https://doi.org/10.2218/iclass.2021.5994
Löwe, J.M.; Schremb, M.; Hinrichsen, V.; Tropea, C.:
Experimental methodology and procedure for SAPPHIRE: a Semi-automatic APParatus for High-voltage Ice nucleation REsearch.
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 14:223–238, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-223-2021
Löwe, J.M.; Hinrichsen, V.; Schremb, M.; Tropea, C.:
Ice Nucleation in High Alternating Electric Fields: Effect of Electric Field Strength and Frequency.
Under review at Physical Review E, 103:012801, 2021.
Roisman, I.V.; Tropea,C.:
Wetting and Icing of Surfaces.
Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science,53 (101400), 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2020.101400
2019
Gloerfeld,M.; Schremb,M.; Tropea, C.:
A Slingshot Device for the Experimental Investigation of High-Speed Drop Impact
10th International Conference on Multiphase Flow - ICMF 2019, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, May (2019)
Schremb, M.:
Hydrodynamics and Thermodynamics of Ice Accretion through Impact of Supercooled Large Droplets: Experiments and Modeling.
International Workshop on Atmospheric Icing of Structures, Reykjavik, Iceland, 2019.
Löwe, J.M.; Schremb, M.; Hinrichsen, V.; Tropea, C.:
Ice Nucleation in the Presence of Electric Fields: An Experimental Study.
SAE Technical paper, 2019-01-2020, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.4271/2019-01-2020
2018
Schremb, M.:
Hydrodynamics and thermodynamics of ice accretion through impact of supercooled large droplets: Experiments, simulations and theory.
Dissertation, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt (2018)
https://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/id/eprint/7398
Berberović, E.; Schremb, M.; Tuković, Ž.; Jakirlić, S.; Tropea, C. :
Computational modeling of freezing of supercooled water using phase-field front propagation with immersed points.
International Journal of Multiphase Flow 99 , 329–346 (2018)
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.11.005
Schremb, M.; Roisman, I.V. ; Tropea, C.:
Normal Impact of Supercooled Water Drops onto a Smooth Ice Surface: Experiments and Modeling.
Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 835:1087-1107, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.797
Schwarzer, M.; Otto, T.; Schremb, M.; Marschelke, C.; Tee, H.; Wurm, F.; Roisman, I.V.; Tropea, C.; Synytska, A.:
Supercooled Water Drops Do Not Freeze During Impact on Hybrid Janus Particle-Based Surfaces.
Chemistry of Materials, 31(1):112-123, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b03183
2017
Tropea, C.; Schremb, M.; Roisman, I.V.:
Physics of SLD Impact and Solidification.
7th European Conference for Aeronautics and Space Sciences, Milan, Italy, 2017.
Tropea, C.; Weigand, B.; Schulte, K.:
Selected Results of the Collaborative Research Center "Droplet Dynamics under Extreme Ambient Conditions" SFB/TRR 75.
28th Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, Valencia, Spain, 2017.
M. Schremb, I. V. Roisman, C. Tropea:
Transient effects in ice nucleation of a water drop impacting onto a cold substrate;
Physical Review E, Vol. 95, 022805 (2017).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.95.022805
M. Schremb, S. Borchert, E. Berberovic, S. Jakirlic, I. V. Roisman, C. Tropea :
Computational modelling of flow and conjugate heat transfer of a drop impacting onto a cold wall;
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, (2017).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.02.073
Y. Ouedraogo, E. Gjonaj, T. Weiland, H. De Gersem, C. Steinhausen, G. Lamanna, B. Weigand, A. Preusche, A. Dreizler and M. Schremb :
Electrohydrodynamic simulation of electrically controlled droplet generation;
International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow; (2017).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2017.02.007
M. Schremb:
Numerische Untersuchung des Eisschichtenwachstums auf warmen Oberflächen;
Luft- und Raumfahrt, Member magazine of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und Raumfahrt; (2017).
M. Schremb, J. M. Campbell, H. K. Christenson, C. Tropea:
Ice Layer Spreading along a Solid Substrate during the Freezing of Supercooled Water: Experiments and Modeling.
Langmuir: 33, 19 , 4870-4877, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00930
Yarin, A.L, Roisman, I.V., Tropea, C.:
Collision Phenomena in Liquids and Solids,
Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, ISBN-13: 978-1107147904, 2017
M. Schremb and C. Tropea;
Experimental Investigation of Supercooled Water Drops Impacting onto a Smooth Ice Surface: Interaction of Fluid Flow and Phase Change;
ExHFT 2017 - 9th World Conference on Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics; Foz do Iguacu, Brazil; (Jun. 2017)
J. M. Löwe, M. Schremb, I. V. Roisman, V. Hinrichsen and C. Tropea:
Experimental Investigation of Electro-Freezing of Supercooled Water Droplets;
ExHFT 2017 - 9th World Conference on Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics; Foz do Iguacu, Brazil; (Jun. 2017)
2016
S. Borchert:
Numerical Investigation of the Impact of Supercooled Drops on Cold Surfaces;
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2016)
K. Kröll:
Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Supercooled Liquid Drops on Cold Surfaces;
Masterarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2016)
M. Schremb and C. Tropea:
Solidification of Supercooled Water in the Vicinity of a Solid Wall;
Physical Review E, Vol. 94, 052804 (2016).
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.94.052804
M. Schremb:
Numerical Investigation of the Different Mechanisms of Ice Layer Growth in the Scope of Supercooled Droplets;
DLRK 2016 – Deutscher Luft- und Raumfahrtkongress; Braunschweig, Germany; (Sep. 2016).
Schremb, M., Roisman, I.V., Jakirlic, S. and Tropea, C.:
Freezing Behavior of Supercooled Water Drops Impacting onto a Cold Surface;
ILASS – Europe 2016, 27th Annual Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, Brighton, UK, September 4-7
Schremb, M., Roisman, I.V., Jakirlic, S. and Tropea, C. (2016):
Freezing Delay and Nucleation Rates of Supercooled Water Drops Impacting onto a Cold Surface;
9th International Conference on Multiphase Flow - ICMF 2016, Firenze, Italy, May 22 – 27
2015
Roisman, I.V., Criscione, A., Tropea, C., Mandal Kumar, D. and Amirfazli, A.:
Dislodging a sessile drop by a high-Reynolds-number shear flow at subfreezing temperatures;
Physical Review E, Vol. 92, No. 023007, (2015)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.92.023007
Schremb, M., Roisman, I.V. and Tropea, C. (2015):
Different Outcomes after Inclined Impacts of Water Drops on a Cooled Surface;
Proc. of 13th Triennial International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems – ICLASS 2015, Tainan, Taiwan, August 23-27
Ianella, Silvia :
Experimental Investigation of the Solidification Front in Supercooled Sessile Droplets;
Master-Thesis, TU Darmstadt (2015)
Li, H., Roisman, I. and Tropea, C.:
Impact of Supercooled Liquid Drops onto Cold Solid Substrates;
SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-2101,
http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-2101
Criscione, A., Jakirlić, S., Tuković, Ž., Roisman, I. and Tropea, C.:
Surface Energy Influence on Supercooled Water Crystallization: a Computational Study;
SAE Technical Paper 2015-01-2115,
http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2015-01-2115
Linder L.,·Criscione, A. Roisman, I.V.,·Marschall, H. and Tropea, C.:
3D computation of an incipient motion of a sessile drop on a rigid surface with contact angle hysteresis;
Theoretical Computational Fluid Dynamics, Vol. 29, No. 5-6, pp. 373-390, (2015)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00162-015-0362-9
Criscione, A., Roisman, I.V., Jakirlic, S. and Tropea, C.:
Towards modeling of initial and final stages of supercooled water freezing;
International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 92, pp. 150-161, (2015)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2015.01.021
Tropea, C., Bonaccurso, E., Criscione, A., Hauk, T., Jakirlic, S., Kintea, D., Hai Li, Roisman, I.V. and Schremb, M.:
Physics of aircraft icing: A predictive challenge;
8th Int. Symp. on Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer (THMT’15), Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, September 15-18 (keynote lecture)(2015)
Schremb, M., Roisman, I.V., Jakirlic, S. and Tropea, C.:
Spreading and freezing of a droplet impacting onto an inclined cooled surface;
SAE 2015 International Conference on Icing of Aircraft, Engines and Structures, Prague, June 22-26
2014
Criscione, Antonio
Influence of ice formation on drop dynamics;
FG SLA, Technische Universität Darmstadt. Shaker Verlag: ISBN=978-3-8440-3104-1 (2014)
Kintea, D. M., Schremb, M., Roisman, I. V. and Tropea, C. :
Numerical investigation of ice particle accretion on heated surfaces with application to aircraft engines;
Proceedings of the 6th AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environment Conference,
Atlanta, June 16-20,(2014) No. AIAA 2014-2820,
http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-2820
Kintea, D. M., Schremb, M., Roisman, I. V. and Tropea, C.:
Numerical computation of ice crystal accretion on warm aircraft components at high altitudes;
Proceedings of the ILASS 2014 conference, Bremen, September 8-10 (2014)
2013
Li, Hai
Drop Impact on Dry Surfaces with Phase Change
FG SLA, Technische Universität Darmstadt. Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, TU Darmstadt (2013):
http://tuprints.ulb.tu-darmstadt.de/id/eprint/3550
Criscione, A., Kintea, D., Tukovic, Z., Jakirlic, S., Roisman, I.V. and Tropea, C.:
Crystallization of supercooled water: a level-set-based modeling of the dendrite tip velocity.
Int. Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 66, pp. 830-837, (2013)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2013.07.079
P. Rauschenberger, A. Criscione, K. Eisenschmidt, D. Kintea, S. Jakirlic, Z. Tukovic, I.V. Roisman, B. Weigand, C. Tropea:
Comparative assessment of Volume-of-Fluid and Level-Set methods by relevance to dendritic ice growth in supercooled water
Computers and Fluids 79 (2013), 44-52.
Criscione, A., Kintea, D., Tukovic, Z., Jakirlic, S., Roisman, I. V., Tropea, C.
Computation of dendritic solidification in supercooled water
Int. Conf. on Multiphase Flow (ICMF), Jeju, South Korea, Mai, 2013
Criscione, A., Kintea, D., Roisman, I.V., Jakirlić, S. and Tropea, C.:
A new approach for water crystallization in the kinetics-limited growth region;
8th International Conference on Multiphase Flow - ICMF 2013, Jeju, Korea, May 26 – 31
Mandal, D.K., Criscione, C. and Amirfazli, A.:
Water Drop Shedding under Icing Conditions from Surfaces with Different Wettabilities;
66th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, November 24-26, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,
Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 58, No. 18, p. 429 (2013)
Bartella, O.:
Splash Phänomen beim Tropfenaufprall auf trockene Oberflächen: Auswertungen von Hochgeschwindigkeitsaufnahmen.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2013)
2012
Criscione, A. ; Kintea, D. ; Tuković, Ž. ; Jakirlić, S.; Roisman, I.V. ; Tropea, C.
On Computational Investigation of the Supercooled Stefan Problem.
12th International Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, Heidelberg, Germany, 2012
Criscione, A. ; Tuković, Ž. ; Kintea, D. ; Roisman, I.V. ; Jakirlić, S. ; Tropea, C.
Numerical Model of Supercooled Water Freezing.
7th International Symposium on Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer, Palermo, Italy, 2012
Criscione, A. ; Röhrig, R ; Roisman, I.V. ; Jakirlic, S. ; Tropea, C.
Impacting droplets: dynamic contact angle modelling in OpenFOAM®.
7th OpenFOAM® Workshop, Darmstadt, 2012
Criscione, A. ; Chang, C. ; Roisman, I.V ; Tropea, C. ; Jakirlić, S. ; Amirfazli, A.
Ink Transfer between Two Surfaces - Revision of the Continuous Surface Force Method due to Wall Interaction.
Symposium on Numerics for Interfacial Multiphysics with OpenFOAM, 2012
Criscione, A. ; Chang, C. ; Roisman, I.V ; Tropea, C. ; Jakirlić, S. ; Amirfazli, A.
Numerical studies for drop transfer between two plates.
5th International workshop on Bubble and Drop Interfaces 2012, Krakòw, Poland, 2012
Criscione, A., Kintea, D., Roisman, I. V., Jakirlić, S., Tukovic, Z., Tropea, C.
Computation of dendritic crystal growth in supercooled water using a level-set method
American Physical Society, 65th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, San Diego, USA, November, 2012,
Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 57, No. 17, pp. 248-249
Chang, C., Criscione, A., Jakirlic, S., Tropea, C., Amirfazli, A.:
A New Formulation for Volume-of-Fluid Simulations of Drops on Solid Surfaces: Inclusion of Adhesion Force
American Physical Society 65th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Fluid Dynamics, San Diego, USA, 2012
Bulletin of the American Physical Society, Vol. 57, No. 17, pp. 193-194
Wagenknecht, E.:
Aufbau eines pneumatischen Tropfengenerators.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2012)
Alzamil, S.:
Modellierung des nicht wärmediffusiven Bereiches beim Wachstum eines freistehenden Eiskristalls.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2012)
Bernhardt, V.:
Numerische Untersuchung der Vereisungsvorgänge von unterkühltem Wasser.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2012)
Kittel, H.:
Numerische Implementierung des einphasigen Stefan-Problems als bewegte Randbedingung mithilfe einer adaptiven Gitterverfeinerungsmethode.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2012)
von der Grün, M.:
Numerische Untersuchung des Ausbreitungsverhaltens eines ruhenden Wassertropfens zwischen der Auflagefläche und einer sich senkrecht bewegenden Parallelfläche.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2012)
Kintea, D.:
Modellierung des Stefan-Problems für unterkühlte Flüssigkeiten mithilfe einer optimierten Level-Set Methode.
Masterarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2012)
2011
Criscione, A.; Röhrig, R.; Opfer, L.; Roisman, I.; Jakirlic, S.; Tropea, C.
Numerical investigation of impacting water drops in air cross-flow.
24. European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems, ILASS, Estoril, Portugal, 2011
Li, H.; Roisman, I. V.; Tropea, C.
Water Drop Impact on Cold Surfaces with Solidification.
Proceeding of the Sixth International Conference on Fluid Mechanics, Guangzhou, China, 2011
Röhrig, R.:
Numerische Untersuchung eines Wassertropfenaufpralls unter dem Einfluss einer Seitenströmung.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2011)
Eichhorn, H.:
Image Post-Processing of the Impact of Super-Cooled Drops.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2011)
Heinbücher, K.:
Hochgeschwindigkeitsaufnahme des Aufpralls unterkühlter Tropfen.
Bachelorarbeit, Fachgebiet Strömungslehre und Aerodynamik, Technische Universität Darmstadt (2011)